Silas Ntamfurayishyari
Posted by conwaypg | 9 Jan, 2008
Silas Ntamfurayishyari ni umugabo munini, uvuga atuje, uri mu kigero cy’imyaka mirongo itatu. Yagenze ku igare ibirometero makumyabiri na bitanu byose nyuma y’uko tumusabye kuganira na we, yemeye ko tumufata amajwi. Yatubwiye abandi bantu bane yakijije babihamya bakanatubwira byinshi birenze ku byo yatubwiye. Yabivuze muri magambo akurikira.
Nagiye mu gisirikare cya Leta muri mata 1990. Icyo gihe nabonaga ibimenyetso byerekanaga ko abatutsi bazatsembwa. Guhera mu 1992 nabonye abatutsi batangiye kubica abandi bagahunga. Jenoside yo muri 1994 byari bikomeye kugira ngo umuntu abone uko yahunga. Ariko jye, nk’umusirikare bampaye amabwiriza yo kugota ingo z’abatutsi ku buryo abagore n’abana bari kuhagwa.
Umwe mu nshuti zanjye w’umusirikare akaba n’umukirisitu yambwiye ko bagiye gutera i Nyamata yongeraho ati tugende dusahure. Ubwo twateze imodoka njyana n’undi musirikare w’umukirisitu twerekeza i Nyamata ariko nkaba narashakaga kubwira abaturage ngo bahunge ariko njyayo, navuze ko nashakaga kugura umugati. Icyo gihe nashoboye kubwira abaturage ngo bahunge n’ubwo abasirikare bahise baza mu mugi wa Nyamata kugira ngo batangire kwica abatutsi ariko nakomeje kujya ahegereye umujyi mbaburira kugira ngo bahunge.
Ibi bihe byari bikomeye cyane kuri jye, negereye umusirikare mugenzi wanjye na we wari umuhutu kugira ngo turebe icyo twakora nk’abakirisitu n’ubwo twari abasirikare. Ubwo twafashe umwanzuro wo guhungisha abatutsi tubavana mu bice bitandukanye by’umujyi wa Nyamata.Twabatwaraga nijoro tukabageza i Burundi, twaje kubona undi mukirisitu witwa Vincent Karemangingo ni we wari waraye irondo atubwira ko hari umupfakazi azi utuye hafi y’umupaka w’i Burundi. Ubwo yaratuyoboye turagenda duhungishije abantu cumi na batatu tubageza ku mupaka w’i Burundi, bucyeye natwaye abandi barindwi na bo mbageza ku mupaka.
Bamwe mu basirikare twabanaga baje kumenya ko hari abantu bafasha abatutsi bakabahungisha, ubwo bahise batanga amabwiriza yo kumfata kuko baje kumenya ko ari jye ubikora. Ibyo naje kubimenya ngarutse mvuye i Burundi mpungishije abandi bantu. Ubwo nyine nahise mpamagara kuri telefone uwari ku kazi witwaga Pasikari ambwira gushaka uko nihisha kuko nagombaga kwicwa. Numvise ko ibyo ambwiye ari ukuri, ubwo nahamagaye undi muvandimwe twabanaga na we w’umuhutu yambwiye ko bari bunyice. Nahise nkuramo imyabaro nari nambaye kuko yasaga nabi cyane kubera ijoro nari nagenze, nahise nambara imyenda isazwe, njya mu nkambi ya gisirikare. N’ubwo abayobozi bakuru bari batanze amabwiriza yo kumfata, nashakaga amafaranga yari kuri konti yanjye.
Nahise mpimba icyo nabeshya kugira ngo mbone amafaranga, abakoraga muri banki na bo bari banzi, nababwiye ko murumuna wanjye yari ameze nabi cyane.
Ntibyampiriye kuko abayobozi bacu bari batanze amabwiriza ko nta muntu uwo ariwe wese wemerewe guhabwa amafaranga batamuhaye uruhushya. Uwakoraga muri banki yagiye kubaza niba bamuha uburenganzira bwo kumpa amafaranga, ubwo nahise nsohoka muri banki njya kwihisha mu musarani kuko bari guhita bamfata kubera ko yagiye ajyanye amazina yanjye. Nahise nsimbuka igipangu ngwa inyuma, nambara imyenda, mfata igikapu cyanjye ndagenda kuko nari nzi neza aho bariyeri z’abasirikare zari ziri, nakomeje nca hirya yazo kugeza ubwo nageze i Burundi.
Abasirikare bo ku mupaka w’i Burundi batangiye kunkeka ko ndi umusirikare, nahise mbabwiza ukuri ko ndi we bahise bagira ubwoba nibwo nababwiye byose ntibabyemeye kandi ubwo nari naniwe cyane, mfite inzara, meze nabi cyane. Amahirwe yanjye haje undi musirikare w’umurundi wari umukirisitu, ubwo nahise mbabwira byose n’ukuntu naje guhigwa n’abasirikare bagenzi banjye kubera ko nahungishaga abatutsi mbakura i Nyamata nkabajyana i Burundi. Baje kubaririza muri bamwe mu mpunzi z’abanyarwanda bemeza ko banzi kandi ko ibyo mvuga ari ukuri. Ubwo banjyanye mu nkambi aho abatutsi benshi bari bari.
Maze kuhagera abantu bose nahungishize bahise bishima cyane n’ubwo abasirikare b’i Burundi bakekaga ko ndi umutasi baramfunze nyuma barandekura. Ubwo abanyamakuru b’i Burundi baje kumbaza ibintu bimwe na bimwe, ntanga n’ikiganiro kuri televiziyo y’icyo gihugu kandi n’abanyarwanda bajyaga bayireba cyane cyane mu nkambi za gisirikare mu Rwanda aho nabaga, amazina yanjye n’amafoto byaranditswe mu binyamakuru byose ubwo baje kumfata nk’intwari kandi na none mba umwanzi w’igisirikare nahozemo.
Icyo gihe FPR yaje kwohereza abasore mu nkambi i Burundi ariko sinari mbazi nibwo baje turaganira bisanzwe bambazaga icyakorwa kugira ngo dukize n’abandi, ubwo baje kumbwira ko ari abasirikare ba FPR banansaba ko nakwinjira igisirikare cya FPR kugira ngo mfatanye na bo guhagarika jenoside y’abatutsi. Nabaye mu gisirikare cya FPR kugeza muri 1998 ubwo nasabye kuruhuka nkaba umusiviri. Ubu nkora akazi gasanzwe k’ubutekinisiye.
Mu rugo twari icyenda abahungu bane n’abakobwa batanu ariko haje gupfa abahungu babiri muri 1999 bishwe n’interahamwe zaturukaga muri Congo.
Ku byo bavuga ngo FPR na yo yishe abantu mu nkambi za Goma siko bimeze ahubwo mu nkambi habagamo interahamwe zicaga, abasirikare ba FPR ubwo na bo ntabwo bari kurebera gusa birwanyeho barabarasa ariko si abantu bose bari mu nkambi.
Buri gihe ntanga ubuhamya muri gacaca ariko hari abatavugisha ukuri bihishira, abandi bagahunga, kenshi usanga abatera ubwoba cyane cyane iyo bigeze nijoro ariko icyiza cya byose abaturage bakora amarondo kandi bagafatanya kurinda umutekano kandi nizera ko Imana inzandinda. Gacaca ni nziza n’ubwo hari benshi batayitabira abandi ntibavugishe ukuri, abatangabuhamya baricwa hirya no hino ariko hari abavuga ukuri nibyo bituma imbabazi zishoboka.
Nagiye mu gisirikare cya Leta muri mata 1990. Icyo gihe nabonaga ibimenyetso byerekanaga ko abatutsi bazatsembwa. Guhera mu 1992 nabonye abatutsi batangiye kubica abandi bagahunga. Jenoside yo muri 1994 byari bikomeye kugira ngo umuntu abone uko yahunga. Ariko jye, nk’umusirikare bampaye amabwiriza yo kugota ingo z’abatutsi ku buryo abagore n’abana bari kuhagwa.
Umwe mu nshuti zanjye w’umusirikare akaba n’umukirisitu yambwiye ko bagiye gutera i Nyamata yongeraho ati tugende dusahure. Ubwo twateze imodoka njyana n’undi musirikare w’umukirisitu twerekeza i Nyamata ariko nkaba narashakaga kubwira abaturage ngo bahunge ariko njyayo, navuze ko nashakaga kugura umugati. Icyo gihe nashoboye kubwira abaturage ngo bahunge n’ubwo abasirikare bahise baza mu mugi wa Nyamata kugira ngo batangire kwica abatutsi ariko nakomeje kujya ahegereye umujyi mbaburira kugira ngo bahunge.
Ibi bihe byari bikomeye cyane kuri jye, negereye umusirikare mugenzi wanjye na we wari umuhutu kugira ngo turebe icyo twakora nk’abakirisitu n’ubwo twari abasirikare. Ubwo twafashe umwanzuro wo guhungisha abatutsi tubavana mu bice bitandukanye by’umujyi wa Nyamata.Twabatwaraga nijoro tukabageza i Burundi, twaje kubona undi mukirisitu witwa Vincent Karemangingo ni we wari waraye irondo atubwira ko hari umupfakazi azi utuye hafi y’umupaka w’i Burundi. Ubwo yaratuyoboye turagenda duhungishije abantu cumi na batatu tubageza ku mupaka w’i Burundi, bucyeye natwaye abandi barindwi na bo mbageza ku mupaka.
Bamwe mu basirikare twabanaga baje kumenya ko hari abantu bafasha abatutsi bakabahungisha, ubwo bahise batanga amabwiriza yo kumfata kuko baje kumenya ko ari jye ubikora. Ibyo naje kubimenya ngarutse mvuye i Burundi mpungishije abandi bantu. Ubwo nyine nahise mpamagara kuri telefone uwari ku kazi witwaga Pasikari ambwira gushaka uko nihisha kuko nagombaga kwicwa. Numvise ko ibyo ambwiye ari ukuri, ubwo nahamagaye undi muvandimwe twabanaga na we w’umuhutu yambwiye ko bari bunyice. Nahise nkuramo imyabaro nari nambaye kuko yasaga nabi cyane kubera ijoro nari nagenze, nahise nambara imyenda isazwe, njya mu nkambi ya gisirikare. N’ubwo abayobozi bakuru bari batanze amabwiriza yo kumfata, nashakaga amafaranga yari kuri konti yanjye.
Nahise mpimba icyo nabeshya kugira ngo mbone amafaranga, abakoraga muri banki na bo bari banzi, nababwiye ko murumuna wanjye yari ameze nabi cyane.
Ntibyampiriye kuko abayobozi bacu bari batanze amabwiriza ko nta muntu uwo ariwe wese wemerewe guhabwa amafaranga batamuhaye uruhushya. Uwakoraga muri banki yagiye kubaza niba bamuha uburenganzira bwo kumpa amafaranga, ubwo nahise nsohoka muri banki njya kwihisha mu musarani kuko bari guhita bamfata kubera ko yagiye ajyanye amazina yanjye. Nahise nsimbuka igipangu ngwa inyuma, nambara imyenda, mfata igikapu cyanjye ndagenda kuko nari nzi neza aho bariyeri z’abasirikare zari ziri, nakomeje nca hirya yazo kugeza ubwo nageze i Burundi.
Abasirikare bo ku mupaka w’i Burundi batangiye kunkeka ko ndi umusirikare, nahise mbabwiza ukuri ko ndi we bahise bagira ubwoba nibwo nababwiye byose ntibabyemeye kandi ubwo nari naniwe cyane, mfite inzara, meze nabi cyane. Amahirwe yanjye haje undi musirikare w’umurundi wari umukirisitu, ubwo nahise mbabwira byose n’ukuntu naje guhigwa n’abasirikare bagenzi banjye kubera ko nahungishaga abatutsi mbakura i Nyamata nkabajyana i Burundi. Baje kubaririza muri bamwe mu mpunzi z’abanyarwanda bemeza ko banzi kandi ko ibyo mvuga ari ukuri. Ubwo banjyanye mu nkambi aho abatutsi benshi bari bari.
Maze kuhagera abantu bose nahungishize bahise bishima cyane n’ubwo abasirikare b’i Burundi bakekaga ko ndi umutasi baramfunze nyuma barandekura. Ubwo abanyamakuru b’i Burundi baje kumbaza ibintu bimwe na bimwe, ntanga n’ikiganiro kuri televiziyo y’icyo gihugu kandi n’abanyarwanda bajyaga bayireba cyane cyane mu nkambi za gisirikare mu Rwanda aho nabaga, amazina yanjye n’amafoto byaranditswe mu binyamakuru byose ubwo baje kumfata nk’intwari kandi na none mba umwanzi w’igisirikare nahozemo.
Icyo gihe FPR yaje kwohereza abasore mu nkambi i Burundi ariko sinari mbazi nibwo baje turaganira bisanzwe bambazaga icyakorwa kugira ngo dukize n’abandi, ubwo baje kumbwira ko ari abasirikare ba FPR banansaba ko nakwinjira igisirikare cya FPR kugira ngo mfatanye na bo guhagarika jenoside y’abatutsi. Nabaye mu gisirikare cya FPR kugeza muri 1998 ubwo nasabye kuruhuka nkaba umusiviri. Ubu nkora akazi gasanzwe k’ubutekinisiye.
Mu rugo twari icyenda abahungu bane n’abakobwa batanu ariko haje gupfa abahungu babiri muri 1999 bishwe n’interahamwe zaturukaga muri Congo.
Ku byo bavuga ngo FPR na yo yishe abantu mu nkambi za Goma siko bimeze ahubwo mu nkambi habagamo interahamwe zicaga, abasirikare ba FPR ubwo na bo ntabwo bari kurebera gusa birwanyeho barabarasa ariko si abantu bose bari mu nkambi.
Buri gihe ntanga ubuhamya muri gacaca ariko hari abatavugisha ukuri bihishira, abandi bagahunga, kenshi usanga abatera ubwoba cyane cyane iyo bigeze nijoro ariko icyiza cya byose abaturage bakora amarondo kandi bagafatanya kurinda umutekano kandi nizera ko Imana inzandinda. Gacaca ni nziza n’ubwo hari benshi batayitabira abandi ntibavugishe ukuri, abatangabuhamya baricwa hirya no hino ariko hari abavuga ukuri nibyo bituma imbabazi zishoboka.